6. For example, having different tastes in music, movies, or books is not what we usually refer to as diversity. An international look at selection practices: Nation and culture as explanations for variability in practice. 8. For example, millennials, GenZers and GenXers can coexist in the same workplace. Cultural diversity This type of diversity is related to each person's ethnicity and it's usually the set of norms we get from the society we were raised in or our family's values. Promoting through education an awareness of the positive value of cultural diversity and improving to this end both curriculum design and teacher education. (2007). No one may invoke cultural diversity to infringe upon human rights guaranteed by international law, nor to limit their scope. Collectivistic societies emphasize conformity to the group. Contemporary Approaches to Leadership, 12.6 The Role of Ethics and National Culture, 12.7 Leadership Development: The Case of Starbucks, 13.1 Focus on Power: The Case of Steve Jobs, 13.6 The Role of Ethics and National Culture, 13.7 Getting Connected: The Case of Social Networking, 14.1 Organizational Structure: The Case of Toyota, 14.4 The Role of Ethics and National Culture, 14.5 Changing for Good: The Case of Hanna Andersson Corporation, 15.1 Building a Customer Service Culture: The Case of Nordstrom, 15.2 Understanding Organizational Culture, 15.3 Characteristics of Organizational Culture, 15.4 Creating and Maintaining Organizational Culture, 15.6 The Role of Ethics and National Culture, 15.7 Clash of the Cultures: The Case of Newell Rubbermaid. 9.2 Categories of Diversity - College Success | OpenStax Hofstedes culture framework is a useful tool to understand the systematic differences across cultures. Culture is often originated from or attributed to a specific region or location. An outline also functions as a ______ for your presentation. Awareof the specific mandate which has been entrusted to UNESCO, within the United Nations system, to ensure the preservation and promotion of the fruitful diversity of cultures. In contrast, cultures such as Iran and Russia are lower in uncertainty avoidance, and companies in these regions do not have rule-oriented cultures. . Uncertainty avoidance may influence the type of organizations employees are attracted to. . (2009). In collectivistic countries such as Thailand, Japan, and India, choosing a career or finding a spouse are all family affairs. Which of the following is NOT a main purpose of a special occasion speech? One of the most important ways in which power distance is manifested in the workplace is that in high power distance cultures, employees are unlikely to question the power and authority of their manager, and conformity to the manager will be expected. Cultural diversity - Wikipedia "Cultural Factors Freedom of expression, media pluralism, multilingualism, equal access to art and to scientific and technological knowledge, including in digital form, and the possibility for all cultures to have access to the means of expression and dissemination are the guarantees of culturaldiversity. In modern industrial societies an adolescent culture has developed. In many collectivistic societies, the language reflects the level of interaction among extended family members such that there may be different words used to refer to maternal versus paternal grandparents, aunts, or uncles. Create an account to start this course today. In order to properly understand and promote cultural awareness, teachers need to understand all the different types of diversity they may encounter in their classrooms including: Race. An individual who serves as speechmaker on a special occasion might serve any of the following functions EXCEPT, frequently reinforce the value of education. When Marc actively attempts to de-marginalize himself and the group he belongs to, he is using which strategy? We can learn from one another, but first we must have a level of understanding about each other in order to facilitate collaboration and cooperation. 140 lessons But usually, when it comes to workplaces, there are seven types of diversity we pay attention to. Culturally determined characteristics include: the language spoken at home; religious observances; customs (including marriage customs that often accompany religious and other beliefs); acceptable gender roles and occupations; dietary practices; intellectual, artistic, and leisure-time pursuits; and other aspects of behavior. A number of factors, including food, language, religion and customs, make up different cultures. The disabled B. LGBTQ C. The elderly D. Those living in two different regions of the world D. Those living in two different regions of the world Josh and Arielle, along with other members of their group, feel like outsiders to the dominant culture. Examples of races are Caucasian, African, Latino and Asian. Culture includes a lot of different things. U.S. Census Bureau,USA QuickFacts, accessed December 2010. In Thailand, where culturally condoned intravenous drug use is widespread among the large population of sex workers, HIV/AIDS and other blood-borne viral diseases became epidemic in the 1990s, creating a national public health emergency. Diversity encompasses in all of the following factors except: Ethnic heritage Attributes Intelligence Mental abilities Question Transcribed Image Text: Diversity encompasses in all of the following factors except: Ethnic heritage Attributes Intelligence Mental abilities 3cer Expert Solution Want to see the full answer? Medical Anthropology in Ecological Perspective, 3rd edition. Encyclopedia.com. Ergeneli, A., Gohar, R., & Temirbekova, Z. She earned a bachelors degree in psychology from Mansfield University, a masters degree in social relations from Lehigh University, and a doctorate degree in educational leadership from Wilmington University. Languages in American school and universities. Organization Science, 15, 657670. B. Aspects of diversity may be cultural, biological, or personal in nature. Culture, Health and Illness. For example, one multinational oil company in Mexico was suffering from low productivity. Ethnocentrism leads organizations to adopt universal principles when doing business around the globe and may backfire. High power distance cultures are hierarchical cultures where everyone has their place. Age B. cultural pluralism, Benedict, Ruth The only western country to break into the top 20 most diverse is Canada. Instead of saying no, which would be interpreted as rebellion or at least be considered rude, they may use indirect ways of disagreeing, such as saying I have to think about this or this would be difficult. Such indirect communication prevents the other party from losing face but may cause misunderstandings in international communications with cultures that have a more direct style. Source, attract and hire top talent with the worlds leading recruiting software. Age diversity means working with people of different ages and, most importantly, generations. In many countries, it is possible to talk about the existence of cultures based on region or geography. The Concept of Diversity - SCRAs Position - Community Psychology Globalization and cultural diversity - UNESCO Similarly, in Turkey, students in elementary and high schools greet their teacher by standing up every time the teacher walks into the classroom. Cultures vary across the globe but. Cultural rights are an integral part of human rights, which are universal, indivisible and interdependent. Apply Now >, Current Students If a speaker is being ______, we the audience then need to rely on our critical thinking skills to keep from being unknowingly manipulated. If we are immersed in a culture that is unlike our own we may experience culture shock and become disoriented when we come into contact with a fundamentally different culture. As a result of these trends, understanding the role of national culture for organizational behavior may provide you with a competitive advantage in your career. Willingness to challenge and change institutional practices that present barriers to different groups b. The clash of competing values between environmental sustainability and economic development also has a cultural component. Encyclopedia of Public Health. A tragic example is the spread of HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), particularly in Africa, where economic necessity shapes choices that are often hazardous to health. CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND INTERNATIONAL SOLIDARITY, Article 10 Strengthening capacities for creation and dissemination worldwide. Cultural anthropology emerged as an area of study following the era of European exploration, when the full diversity of human experience became globa, cultural pluralism See MULTI-CULTURAL SOCIETY. How does culture influence the proper leadership style and reward system that would be suitable for organizations? Do countries have uniform national cultures? International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 31, 703724. Raghuram, S., London, M., & Larsen, H. H. (2001). Raphael, T. (2001). Tell us what *you* think of our resources and what youd like to see here in 2023. See our complete library of HR Terms. Encyclopedia of Public Health. The majority of women and men in cultures that perform genital mutilation support the continuation of the practice which makes change all the more difficult. Retrieved January 29, 2009, from http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/sep2008/tc2008095_508754.htm. 2.3 Cultural Diversity - Organizational Behavior Quotes on Nonviolence by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. ExcelTrack Master of Business Administration, Associate of Applied Science (For Military Students), View All Criminal Justice Degree Programs, Associate of Applied of Science (For Military Students), Associate of Science (For Military Students), View All Information Technology Degree Programs, ExcelTrack Bachelor of Science (RN-to-BSN), View All Professional Studies Degree Programs, Try our military transfer credit estimator >, Promoting Cultural Diversity and Cultural Competency, 16% Hispanic or Latino origin (may be of any race). So just what does culture encompass? The Member States commit themselves to taking appropriate steps to disseminate widely the "UNESCO Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity"and to encourage its effective application, in particular by cooperating with a view to achieving the following objectives: 1. Employees in these cultures expect a clear set of instructions and clarity in expectations. [Solved] Question 1 Question text Which of the following factors would Diversity involves having people from a variety of cultural, ethnic and racial backgrounds consortium of different perspectives Differences in characteristics of humans. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Answered: Proper management of workforce | bartleby Build background about cultural diversity in the United States. Journal of Management, 33, 426478. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Sex and gender can be used in the traditional sense of male and female employees. In these cultures, referring to a manager or a teacher with their first name would be extremely rude. Cultural Responsiveness - American Speech-Language-Hearing Association What is the Difference between Bipolar 1 & 2? Part of this difference could be attributed to changes in risk factors such as diet, weight, and cholesterol levels. Companies are realizing that doing international business provides access to raw materials, resources, and a wider customer base. Which aspect of self-analysis has Grant pursued? International market entry by U.S. Internet firms: An empirical analysis of country risk, national culture, and market size. Ability Andrea identifies as a member of the second largest ethnic group in the United States. Biological magnification is the accumulation and increase in concentration of a toxic chemical, at successive trophic levels. In these cultures, disobeying or disagreeing with ones group is difficult and people may find it hard to say no to their colleagues or friends. Tell me about yourself, they are more likely to talk about their likes and dislikes, personal goals, or accomplishments. Involving the various sections of civil society closely in the framing of public policies aimed at safeguarding and promoting cultural diversity. all of the following strategies are critical components of multicultural education EXCEPT: tracking, cooperative learning, parental involvement, collaboration. Culture is something that is learned, shared, and passed down through generations. Cultural responsiveness, cultural competence, and cultural humility are all dynamic, complex, and lifelong processes. In this lesson, we'll talk about how culture is encompassing, meaning that it shapes our personalities, values, and way of living. When doing business internationally, failure may occur due to culture as well as other problems. Multiculturalism In College - Affordable Colleges Online ." Research also shows that cultural variation with respect to these four dimensions influence employee job behaviors, attitudes, well-being, motivation, leadership, negotiations, and many other aspects of organizational behavior (Hofstede, 1980; Tsui, Nifadkar, & Ou, 2007). Of course, talking about national cultures does not mean that national cultures are uniform. A) consumerism B) shifting demographics C) dominant religions D) availability of labor Sociocultural factors. Asian countries such as China and Japan, as well as countries in Latin America are higher in collectivism. I feel like its a lifeline. The Importance of Diversity & Multicultural Awareness in - Drexel Home Cultural diversity is the quality of diverse or different cultures, as opposed to monoculture, the global monoculture, or a homogenization of cultures, akin to cultural evolution. I have two brothers. In other words, in collectivistic cultures, self identity is shaped to a stronger extent by group memberships (Triandis, McCusker, & Hui, 1990). Many cultural characteristics, and the health states related to them, are associated with education, occupation, income, and social status. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 10971106. When audience members believe your topic directly affects them, Your ability to attain professional success is related to your ability to communicate effectively. Person as author : Cohen, Elie In : World culture report, 2000: cultural diversity, conflict and pluralism, p. 66-91 Language : English Also available in : Also available in : Franais Also available in : Espaol Year of publication : 2000. book part Cultural humility is a lifelong process of self-reflection (Tervalon & Murray-Garcia, 1998). Want to create or adapt books like this? Types of Cultural Diversity in the Classroom. Safeguarding the linguistic heritage of humanity and giving support to expression, creation and dissemination in the greatest possible number of languages. Europe & Rest of World: +44 203 826 8149. not think too much about your topic as it will come to you. Anthropologists have described the complex cultural meanings of ritual purity associated with female genital mutilation that serve to perpetuate this practice despite its serious adverse effects on health. UNESCO applies a zero tolerance policy against all forms of harassment, Advancing the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, International Coalition of Inclusive and Sustainable Cities ICCAR, Education for Sustainable Development Network, UNEVOC - International Centre for Technical and Vocational Education and Training, IIEP - International Institute for Educational Planning, ICTP - International Centre for Theoretical Physics, IICBA - International Institute for Capacity-Building in Africa, IITE - Institute for Information Technologies in Education, IESALC - International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean, MGIEP - Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Education for Peace and Sustainable Development, UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, Rules of Procedure of the General Conference, Rules of Procedure of the Executive Board, Section of Conventions and Recommendations (LA/CR), Section of International Administrative Law (LA/AL), Protection of human rights : Procedure 104. It can also be widely shared beliefs about things like marriage, family, or gender roles. Companies operating in high uncertainty avoidance cultures also tend to avoid risky endeavors such as entering foreign target markets unless the target market is very large (Rothaermel, Kotha, & Steensma, 2006). Culture isn't simply an individual response or taste or desire but it is deeply integrated into our society. (1955). A person's skin color can have a great impact on their experience in society. The characteristics corresponding to these forms of diversity are protected by law in many countries: these protected characteristics are attributes that companies shouldnt take into account when making employment decisions (especially adverse decisions, like terminating employees or rejecting job candidates). Reflect on a time when you experienced a different culture or interacted with someone from a different culture. Cultural groups that have a strong group identity and cohesion seem to be somewhat protected against this type of stress. Consideringthat the process of globalization, facilitated by the rapid development of new information and communication technologies, though representing a challenge for cultural diversity, creates the conditions for renewed dialogue among cultures and civilizations. For these types of assignments, employees will need to develop an awareness of overall cultural differences and learn how to recognize cultural principles that are operating in different situations. Journal of Management, 32, 5682. For example, children often expect to live with their parents until they get married. 4. Such values have a pervasive influence in many settings, mainly in traditional agricultural societies, but also in some urbanized economies. Exchange your sentences with another student and fill in the blanks in each other's sentences. For example, in one study, more than 75% of the subjects in Philippines viewed team-based pay as fair, while less than 50% of the U.S.-based subjects viewed team-based rewards as fair (Kirkman, Gibson, & Shapiro, 2001). Some girls and women strive to achieve a very low body weight, a modern, culturally shaped notion of beauty that has supplanted the former "ideal"the plump female form depicted in the paintings of Rubens and Renoir. Proper management of workforce diversity involves all of the following EXCEPT: Select one: a. Recallingthat the Preamble to the Constitution of UNESCO affirms "that the wide diffusion of culture, and the education of humanity for justice and liberty and peace are indispensable to the dignity of manand constitute a sacred duty which all the nations must fulfil in a spirit of mutual assistance and concern". Article 4 Human rights as guarantees of cultural diversity. Saudi Arebia - EXPLORE YOUR CITY In the face of current imbalances in flows and exchanges of cultural goods at the global level, it is necessary to reinforce international cooperation and solidarity aimed at enabling all countries, especially developing countries and countries in transition, to establish cultural industries that are viable and competitive at national and international level. Encouraging the production, safeguarding and dissemination of diversified contents in the media and global information networks and, to that end, promoting the role of public radio and television services in the development of audiovisual productions of good quality, in particular by fostering the establishment of cooperative mechanisms to facilitate their distribution. Assisting in the emergence or consolidation of cultural industries in the developing countries and countries in transition and, to this end, cooperating in the development of the necessary infrastructures and skills, fostering the emergence of viable local markets, and facilitating access for the cultural products of those countries to the global market and international distribution networks. For many companies, international business is where most of the profits lie, such as for Intel Corporation, where 70% of all revenues come from outside the United States. Individualism-collectivism: A study of cross-cultural researchers. This might be in reference to someone's education or specific taste in art, but culture is more than this. More than a century of ethnographic research profoundly supports the theory of cultural relativity, the theory that, Culture areas are geographical territories in which characteristic culture patterns are recognizable through repeated associations of specific traits, Herskovits, Melville Jean 12. Ignoring cultural differences, norms, and local habits may be costly for businesses and may lead to unmotivated and dissatisfied employees. Some undergo painful cosmetic surgery in the quest for an idealized physical form, with reshaped ears, eyes, and nose; facelifts; liposuction; and breast implants. How do cultures differ from each other? In its simplest form, diversity means being composed of differing elements. Article 3 Cultural diversity as a factor in development. In another study, blood pressure values among African Americans from the southern United States who migrated to an urban environment were compared with that of urbanborn African Americans. Culturally shaped illnesses are disorders that reflect the social, political, and moral worlds of the patient. While individualists may evaluate the performance of their colleagues more accurately, collectivists are more likely to be generous when evaluating their in-group members. 844-PURDUE-G Collectivists are more attached to their groups and have more permanent attachments to these groups. An ethnic group refers to people who are closely related to each other through characteristics such as culture, language, and religion.3 There are many ethnic groups in the United States, due in large part to its immigrant population; each of these groups contributes to Americas cultural heritage. Culture is our way of being, more specifically, it refers to the shared language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and material objects that are passed down from one generation to the next.1. Based on the standard diversity definition, the types of diversity in a social context are theoretically infinite: they encompass every characteristic that appears with variations among a group of people (such as hair or eye color). Behavioral Approaches to Leadership, 12.4 What Is the Role of the Context? What is your ethnic identity? In Western societies the female body is often altered for cultural reasons. Tell students that Kenneth Prewitt, former director of the U.S. Census Bureau, has said of the United States that "we're on our way to becoming the first country in history that is literally made up of every part of the world." Ask: What do you think he meant? National Virtual Translation Center. Workforce Management, 84(13), 132. Culture (/ k l t r /) is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups. to convince the audience of the importance of the person. The terms are not mutually exclusive and have sometimes been used interchangeably. But, as gender is increasingly redefined, the term gender diversity may be more appropriate, since there are multiple variations in gender and sexual orientation. Advancing in the definition of principles, standards and practices, on both the national and the international levels, as well as of awareness-raising modalities and patterns of cooperation, that are most conducive to the safeguarding and promotion of cultural diversity. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. (2007). In collectivistic societies, family bonds are more influential in peoples daily lives. The Baxters are building a swimming pool in their backyard. Fowler, G. A., Steinberg, B., & Patrick, A. O. Culture is a learned and shared set of beliefs that are present in every society. Some common characteristics that signify diversity in the workplace might include gender identity, . What are the types of diversity? - Workable 14. Thus, building an effective global approach to sustainable development and ESD needs to address respecting, protecting and maintaining the cultural diversity of the world now and in the future. Workforce, 80(9), 19. Conversely, its good practice to strive to have all these diversity categories in your workforce by eliminating biases and using affirmative action plans. How would you describe your own home countrys values on the four dimensions of culture? They are likely part of. Ensuring protection of copyright and related rights in the interest of the development of contemporary creativity and fair remuneration for creative work, whileat the same time upholding a public right of access to culture, in accordance with Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Anthropoligists and epidemiologists have identified many associations between culture, customs, and risks to health. The combination of limited education, migratory labor that separates men from their wives and families, and the breakdown of traditional family networks creates a context in which men may seek multiple sexual partners. racism. Chapter 2: Managing Demographic and Cultural Diversity, Chapter 3: Understanding People at Work: Individual Differences and Perception, Chapter 4: Individual Attitudes and Behaviors, Chapter 6: Designing a Motivating Work Environment, Chapter 12: Leading People Within Organizations, Chapter 14: Organizational Structure and Change, http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_dimensions.php, http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/sep2008/tc2008095_508754.htm, http://www.nvtc.gov/lotw/months/november/USschoollanguages.htm, Next: 2.4 The Role of Ethics and National Culture, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
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